From agentic trading solutions to stablecoin payment flows, today’s web3 user expects developers to ship experiences that mirror the simplicity and intuitiveness of most modern fintech apps. But, while meeting users’ expectations is important, the infrastructure underpinning many onchain experiences is still stuck in the late 2010s.
That’s where Turnkey comes in.
In this guide, we’ll look at how Turnkey’s developer tooling helps teams build secure, scalable wallet experiences, from key management and signing infrastructure to the prebuilt UI components and onboarding flows that make wallets easier for new users and crypto-native users alike.
What is Turnkey’s wallet infrastructure?
Turnkey is the developer-facing wallet infrastructure layer for secure, non-custodial wallet creation, signing, and automation. Turnkey is fully programmable, modular, and API-first, designed to work with your existing architecture, not against it.
Unlike many infrastructure solutions that prescribe UX patterns or enforce chain-specific logic, Turnkey provides flexible low-level primitives that enable developers to create experiences that always feel native to their products.
Whether you’re building automated trading flows, gamified onchain experiences, or embedded wallets for consumer apps, Turnkey delivers the tools needed to align your product with the evolving standards of today’s crypto users.
What developer tools support custom wallet interfaces?
Turnkey's web3 developer tooling supports custom wallet interfaces with application primitives, Wallets-as-a-Service SDKs, multi-chain signing, policies, onchain automation, session-based access and enclave-backed security. Let's take a deeper look at each utility:
Application architectures built from primitives
At its core, Turnkey is structured around a set of primitives that enable developers to model even the most complex application architectures. Turnkey's primitives include organizations, sub-organizations, users, resources, authenticators, and activities.
Developers can assign scoped authenticators to specific sub-orgs or users, apply policies at any level, and configure root quorum requirements for high-impact operations.
Turnkey's flexible permissions model adapts to the needs of your product while ensuring your governance structure can evolve over time without re-architecting the wallet layer.
Wallets-as-a-Service
Developers can create non-custodial wallets programmatically through Turnkey’s API or via language-specific SDKs, including TypeScript and React for web, React Native and Flutter for cross-platform mobile, Swift and Kotlin for native mobile, and Go, Ruby, Rust and Python on the server.
Turnkey's Wallets-as-a-Service approach ensures wallet generation, signing, and policy enforcement can be integrated directly into any application’s backend or client, without introducing third-party handoffs.
Unlike many wallet infrastructure solutions, Turnkey supports streamlined onboarding and authentication flows via passkeys, email, SMS, and OAuth.
Turnkey's support for passkeys, email, SMS, and OAuth is a considerable advantage for developers looking to attract new entrants into the crypto space, as they can bypass the complexities of browser extensions and private key management.
To further accelerate integration, Turnkey’s Embedded Wallet Kit provides pre-built, customizable UI components. The Embedded Wallet Kit components can easily be tailored to match any application's existing style preference, enabling developers to create custom wallet interfaces and own the user experience from onboarding to transaction execution.
The Embedded Wallet Kit’s prebuilt auth and wallet components open as popup modals. Teams customize the Embedded Wallet Kit components with theme overrides, dark mode, border radius, background blur, and modal placement to match their design system, or run the SDK headless to build fully custom UI components.
The same Embedded Wallet Kit patterns carry across web (React), mobile (React Native, Swift, Kotlin), and Flutter, removing the design-to-development handoff for core wallet UX.
Multi-chain support
Turnkey offers out-of-the-box support for all major blockchains (including Ethereum, Solana, Bitcoin, and TRON) as well as chain-agnostic signing capabilities. Turnkey's multi-chain support means developers can build products that operate seamlessly across multiple networks without maintaining separate signing logic, infrastructure, or key management.
Whether you’re looking to implement multi-chain vaults or NFT minting flows, Turnkey streamlines cross-chain communication by default.
Policies
Turnkey's policy engine gives developers programmable policy controls to define and enforce what actions a wallet can take at any time. For instance, developers can set transaction limits, restrict certain transfers, require multi-party approvals, scope actions by role, or introduce additional checks for sensitive operations, all enforced directly at the key level.
Developers can also use Turnkey policies to fine-tune account abstraction features like gas sponsorship or to grant delegated access with tightly controlled permissions. With granular control built into Turnkey's signing layer, developers can scale securely without layering on additional complexity.
Onchain automation
Turnkey enables developers to build custom, programmatic signing workflows, ideal for AI agents, backend services, or recurring transactions. Turnkey's automated flows reduce manual overhead and ensure transactions are executed consistently and securely according to predefined rules.
To ensure auditability, Turnkey logs every automated action alongside the policies and authenticators that authorized it. Turnkey's action logging provides developers with the visibility required to ensure automated actions align with user intent, while eliminating regulatory oversight.
The result is Turnkey onchain automation that accelerates user experiences while meeting compliance and security requirements by design.
Session-based access
With Turnkey, developers can also enable time-bound sessions where users can execute multiple transactions without having to sign each time. Because Turnkey sessions remove the need for repetitive re-approvals, retail traders experience far less signing fatigue, while AI agents also benefit from increased autonomy.
Turnkey session-based access is especially impactful with crypto newcomers who expect transaction execution (among other onchain actions) to match the seamlessness of the typical fintech app.
Security
Every private key Turnkey generates is stored and used exclusively inside AWS Nitro Enclaves, a form of Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), ensuring they’re never exposed to Turnkey, your application, or any third party.
Turnkey logs all signing actions with complete audit trails and supports remote attestation so you can independently verify the integrity of the code running inside the enclave. By keeping sensitive operations within verifiable TEEs, Turnkey reduces the attack surface while delivering performant signing flows at scale.
What developers can build with Turnkey
With access to flexible key management primitives via Turnkey, the challenge for developers shifts from "how can we build this" to "what can we build next?" If you're looking for inspiration, here are several examples of what organizations are creating using Turnkey today:
Developer smart accounts
Turnkey enables the creation of smart accounts that allow developers to access wallet creation and signing capabilities, without handling keys themselves.
Turnkey's smart account creation proved vital for leading web3 development platform Alchemy, whose Embedded Accounts product leans on Turnkey to spin up EOA or ERC-4337 smart accounts on behalf of new users, integrating invisible wallet creation directly into the onboarding flow.
Behind the scenes, session keys, gas sponsorships, and batched transactions are handled by Turnkey’s policy engine and TEE-based security framework, delivering performant and safe workflows at scale.
The same Turnkey foundation also enables large-scale activations, such as NFT claims at ETHDenver with a biometric login, while wallets are generated and deployed silently in the background.
Case study
Discover how Alchemy powers embedded smart accounts with Turnkey
Alchemy's Embedded Accounts product uses Turnkey to spin up EOA and ERC-4337 smart accounts without handling private keys directly. Session keys, gas sponsorship, and batched transactions all run through Turnkey's policy engine and enclave-based security.
Read the case study →Passkey onboarding and recovery flows
Rather than requiring users to download external wallets or manage seed phrases, Turnkey offers seamless onboarding via passkeys, social login, or biometrics, as well as email-based recovery flows. Turnkey's emphasis on ease of use was what led Dynamic (a fast-growing wallet SDK) to partner with Turnkey.
Through Turnkey, Dynamic delivers a mobile-first experience where, after authenticating via email or social login, users register a passkey that becomes the sole credential for wallet creation and transaction signing.
Turnkey encrypts private keys at rest and only decrypts them inside secure enclaves after biometric approval, ensuring that wallets remain invisible and safe. If a user loses their login credentials, they can regain access via email alone, no seed phrases or manual support required.
AI agents and secure automation
AI agents are emerging as a powerful way to simplify complex onchain interactions. By combining natural language processing with secure wallet infrastructure, developers can build products where users simply state their intent, such as “claim my staking rewards”, and have those actions executed automatically.
Pass App uses Turnkey to deliver automatic execution of user intent, underpinning an AI-driven wallet experience that empowers agents to interpret user intent and securely perform the corresponding actions.
Turnkey's policy engine enforces what actions AI agents can take and contains all signing flows within secure enclaves. The result is a Turnkey-backed system where AI agents can rebalance portfolios, claim rewards, or execute trades seamlessly and safely, delivering the convenience of automation with the safeguards of enterprise-grade wallet infrastructure.
Case study
See how Pass App ships AI-powered wallets with Turnkey
Pass App uses Turnkey's wallet and key-management tooling to power an AI-driven wallet that interprets user intent and signs securely inside enclaves. The team integrated in two weeks, saved six months of engineering time, and has run at 99.9% uptime since launch.
Read the case study →Scalable infrastructure for DeFi trading apps
Some infrastructure solutions falter under high-volume trading flows, but Turnkey delivers both secure and performant DeFi experiences at scale.
For instance, Moonshot, one of the most-downloaded crypto trading apps in the US, used Turnkey to provision over 1.5M self-custodial wallets, each of which benefits from sub-100ms latency on transactions.
Turnkey’s API-first design also empowered Moonshot to implement a fully-branded onboarding experience that rivaled web2 in simplicity, all without adding headcount or delaying time to market.
Case study
Explore how Moonshot scaled to millions of wallets with Turnkey
Moonshot, one of the most-downloaded crypto trading apps in the US, used Turnkey to provision 1.5M+ self-custodial wallets behind a fully branded, web2-simple onboarding flow. They integrated in two weeks and have run at 99.99% uptime since launch.
Read the case study →Stablecoin payment solutions
Turnkey supports stablecoin payment flows that match the simplicity of traditional fintech experiences while maintaining security and compliance.
For example, Mural Pay (a prominent stablecoin payments platform) uses Turnkey to process over 5,000 monthly cross-border stablecoin payments for fintechs, banks, and global businesses. Turnkey signs Mural Pay transactions within TEEs at 50 –100ms latency, ensuring near-instant settlement with verifiable security.
With Turnkey, Mural Pay eliminated the need for in-house key management, reduced infrastructure costs by $3K per month, and gained the flexibility to offer both custodial and non-custodial models through the same integration, supporting diverse customer needs in the stablecoin payments space.
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Case study
Learn how Mural Pay powers cross-border stablecoin payments with Turnkey
Mural Pay uses Turnkey to process 5,000+ monthly cross-border stablecoin payments without building in-house key management. They cut wallet infrastructure costs by $3K per month and reached full integration in three weeks.
Read the case study →Powering the future of programmable wallet infrastructure
In an ecosystem where most infrastructure solutions rely on rigid, pre-defined primitives, Turnkey empowers developers to ship secure and scalable experiences that align with evolving user expectations.
With flexible primitives, Wallets-as-a-Service, multi-chain support, policy-based controls, onchain automation, session-based access, and enclave-backed security, Turnkey delivers the full developer toolkit for building modern wallet experiences. Turnkey's tools work together so teams can focus on product innovation instead of re-architecting infrastructure.
Are you ready to bring your next crypto project to market?
Get started with Turnkey today and build with developer tooling you won’t outgrow.
