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How to build smart, secure mobile wallets for crypto apps

Resources
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December 8, 2025
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Bryce Ferguson, Co-Founder & CEO of Turnkey

Audience: Developers, mobile app teams, and web3 builders creating or integrating mobile wallets who need fast onboarding, non-custodial control, and verifiable security across EVM, Solana, and similar elliptic curve networks.

What you’ll learn: How mobile wallets function, why mobile-first UX matters, and how embedded wallets remove onboarding friction. You will also learn how to secure signing with passkeys, session keys, enclaves, and policy guardrails, plus how real teams like Injective ship fast, verifiable mobile experiences.

Reading time: 14 minutes

In the US alone, forty-eight percent of crypto investors now rely on mobile wallets for everyday transactions. These users expect real-time security, multi-chain support, and the same speed and simplicity they experience in traditional mobile apps. 

For app developers, delivering a secure mobile wallet today means balancing UX, non-custodial control, and verifiable security without seed phrases, waiting screens, or slow signing flows.

This article explains what mobile wallets are, why they matter in web3, and how embedded wallets create a familiar experience for web2 users. It also covers how to implement secure flows from onboarding to enclave-backed signing so developers can ship fast and intuitive mobile wallets with confidence.

Why mobile wallets matter in web3

A mobile wallet is a client-side account that lets users authenticate, transact, sign messages, and manage assets directly from their phone. It is the primary way most people engage with digital assets today.

Juniper Research estimates that worldwide there are 4.5 billion mobile wallet users in 2025, and this number is expected to increase by 35 percent and reach nearly 6 billion over the next five years. This rising adoption sets a clear expectation: mobile-first experiences are no longer optional in web3.

Still developers face some difficult challenges. Traditional web3 flows often slow users down. Seed phrases introduce friction and cause onboarding dropoff, while mobile browser signing can add latency or trigger repeated confirmation screens. Eliminating these pain points is essential for any project aiming to reach mainstream adoption.

Development considerations when building a mobile wallet

Developing a mobile wallet requires balancing security and performance with familiarity and ease of use. Users expect onboarding that feels effortless. They want fast signing flows and consistent behavior across devices. 

Development teams need tools that simplify these modern wallet architecture needs. Building this foundation starts with choosing the right SDKs, understanding how embedded wallets work on mobile, and designing flows that feel as smooth as any web2 applications.

SDK options for mobile wallet developers

Developers building mobile web3 applications often rely on SDKs tailored to their preferred frameworks. These SDKs abstract away complex cryptography and device-level integration, making it easier to support secure authentication, session handling, and transaction signing.

A strong SDK ecosystem also ensures that developers can implement consistent UX patterns across platforms without reinventing wallet logic from scratch.

React Native SDKs

Cross-platform teams benefit from React Native support because it enables rapid prototyping and production deployment from a single shared codebase. Authentication and signing helpers streamline integration with both iOS and Android targets, giving developers native-level capabilities with JavaScript-level speed.

Flutter SDKs

Flutter is ideal for teams targeting both platforms with uniform UI performance. SDKs in this ecosystem often support passkeys, embedded wallet creation, and mobile-optimized signing flows, allowing developers to deliver smooth animations and high frame-rate interfaces while still maintaining strong security patterns.

Swift SDKs

Swift SDKs provide developers with more fine-grained control over system integrations, including biometric prompts, secure storage abstractions, and passkey capabilities. This deeper access helps teams deliver polished, high-performance experiences tuned specifically for Apple devices.

Android native SDKs

Some teams require JVM-level access for deeper integrations, more control over device security features, or platform-specific optimizations. Native Android SDKs fill this need, ensuring parity across mobile stacks and giving developers full access to the Android security model.

Framework Performance Development speed Code reuse Ecosystem Best for
Flutter Strong performance and consistent UI. Great for animation-heavy apps. Fast development with one codebase and hot reload. High reuse across iOS and Android. Rapidly growing and widely adopted. Cross-platform apps, consistent UI, animation-rich products.
React Native Good for most apps. Bridge can bottleneck heavy graphics. Fast for JavaScript and React teams. High reuse with one JS codebase. Huge community and large JavaScript ecosystem. Web-first teams, shared business logic, rapid iteration.
Native (Swift / Kotlin) Highest performance with full API access. Slower with separate platform codebases. Low reuse across platforms. Mature platform libraries and tooling. Performance-critical apps, deep OS integration, long-term builds.

Embedded wallets on mobile

Mobile app developers also need to consider using embedded wallets in their dApps

Embedded wallets are created programmatically when a user signs in, allowing apps to generate secure keys without requiring seed phrases or manual setup. This removes unnecessary friction and ensures that users have a ready-to-use wallet the moment they enter the application.

These wallets attach to a user identity, persist across sessions, and can sign transactions or messages immediately. Persistence helps maintain continuity, while instant signing keeps interactions responsive and intuitive.
Many modern wallet as a service providers support this model directly, giving developers a way to provision wallets, manage identities, and handle secure signing without exposing private keys to the application layer. By abstracting the underlying cryptography and key isolation, these systems let teams focus on building smooth, predictable mobile flows rather than maintaining complex security infrastructure.

Because embedded wallets plug into the app flow while keeping private keys isolated outside the app, developers avoid managing key storage or custom custody logic. This simplifies architecture and removes key-handling risk.

By eliminating key custody responsibilities and collapsing onboarding steps, this approach significantly reduces engineering overhead for any team shipping a mobile web3 experience.

Making mobile wallets feel like web2

Modern mobile wallets should provide onboarding that feels familiar using passkeys, email, or social login. These patterns mirror what users already encounter in banking and commerce apps, helping reduce friction and making decentralized authentication feel intuitive from the very first interaction.

Users also expect transactions to sign quickly, typically within a fraction of a second. Any additional delay can make a web3 app feel sluggish compared to web2 standards. Speed and predictability remain central to a mobile-first experience.

Session-scoped keys help preserve this sense of smoothness by preventing constant prompts on every interaction. Instead of requiring user approval for each step, these keys allow a wallet to authorize specific, limited actions during a session. This keeps flows fast and fluid while still respecting clear permission boundaries.

Securing mobile wallets and maintaining trust

Security must also remain uncompromised. Strong mobile wallets isolate private keys from the application environment and validate all signing requests in controlled conditions. This ensures that even if application logic is compromised, the private key remains protected and cannot be misused.

Session keys define what the app can do during a given session, reducing friction without reducing safety. They allow frequent actions to proceed smoothly while keeping privileged operations tightly controlled.

Developers may also enforce programmatic rules that restrict contract interactions, spending amounts, or transaction patterns. These guardrails help protect users from accidental or malicious behavior while maintaining flexibility for legitimate transactions.

Together, these mechanisms create a predictable, verifiable trust boundary for mobile transactions, one that feels seamless to users but maintains the strong security expectations required in web3.

TEE ebook Statement

Turnkey’s mobile support and how it stands out from the alternatives

Turnkey’s design becomes highly visible in mobile environments, where UX and security must stay tightly aligned. Mobile users expect apps to respond instantly and behave predictably. Turnkey meets these expectations by pairing enclave-backed security with a web2-like experience.

To highlight what makes this approach different, several advantages stand out:

  • Fast performance with under 100ms signing, even across chains.

  • Passkey-native authentication that enables smooth onboarding on both iOS and Android.

  • No seed phrases and no modal fatigue.

  • Broad SDK coverage across React Native, Flutter, Swift, and Android native.

  • Chain agnostic support for EVM, Solana, and all other networks that use elliptic curves secp256k1 and ed25519.

  • Policy-driven guardrails that enforce contract allowlists, spending limits, token mints, and structured message rules before any signature is produced.

  • Enclave-backed key storage that delivers verifiable non-custodial signing instead of relying on opaque custodial intermediaries.

  • A progressive architecture that lets teams start with embedded wallets and later introduce session keys, recovery flows, and policy governance without re-architecting the product.

These capabilities allow developers to deliver mobile experiences that feel fast, intuitive, and trustworthy. The result is a secure wallet flow that meets mainstream expectations without sacrificing verifiable safety.

Real world example: Injective’s mobile experience

Injective uses Turnkey to deliver instant mobile signing and seamless onboarding at scale. With Turnkey’s embedded wallets, new users can start interacting with Injective as soon as they open the app, without multi-step setup flows, or confusing web3-specific friction. This enables Injective to convert first-time users into active participants much more quickly.

What Turnkey enabled for Injective

  • Seamless, web2-style onboarding: embedded wallets created instantly, no seed phrases, no complex setup.
  • Native mobile authentication: passkey / biometric-based signup and signing for a smooth UX.
  • Enclave-backed non-custodial signing: transactions are secure and verifiable without exposing private keys.
  • Scalable mobile infrastructure: support for high volume trading and onboarding spikes without service disruption.

Why it matters for mobile DeFi

With Turnkey, new Injective users can dive into trading almost instantly, while seasoned users benefit from fast, reliable signing under a fully non-custodial model. Its low friction crypto onboarding becomes a competitive advantage, allowing a wallet application to guide users directly into meaningful actions without delays or unnecessary setup.

Read more about how Injective uses Turnkey to deliver seamless mobile signing.

Turnkey: Modern wallet infrastructure for mobile developers

Turnkey makes it easier for developers to build mobile experiences that feel fast, intuitive, and secure. By combining strong security, passkey authentication, and verifiability, development teams gain a single system that works across chains, scales with their app, and enforces predictable behaviors at the signing layer.

With this foundation in place, teams can focus on crafting the mobile features users actually care about. They can iterate quickly, integrate new networks or flows with confidence, and upgrade their security posture over time without rewriting core infrastructure.

Modern mobile wallets are moving toward simple onboarding, reliable performance, and transparent safety. Turnkey gives developers the building blocks to meet that standard today and to deliver the kind of polished web3 mobile experience the broader ecosystem has been waiting for.

Get started with Turnkey today. 

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